Tuesday, February 18, 2014

Human immunodeficiency virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are blood borne viruses transmitted primarily through sex contact and injection medication use. Because of these shared modes of transmission a tall proportion of adults at danger for HIV infection are also at danger for HBV infection. HIV-positive persons who become infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) are at increased risk for developing chronic HBV infection and should be tested. In addition, persons who are co-infected with HIV and HBV can have serious medical complications, including an increased risk for liver-related morbidity and mortality. To prevent HBV infection in HIV-infected persons, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends universal Hepatitis B vaccination of susceptible patients with HIV/AIDS. About one quarter of HIV-infected persons in the United States are also infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV is a blood borne virus transmitted through manage conjunction with the blood of an infected person. Thus, confection with HIV and HCV is common (50%–90%) among HIV-infected injection drug users. HCV is one of the most significant causes of chronic liver disease in the United States and HCV infection progresses more rapidly to liver damage in HIV-infected persons. HCV infection may also impact the course and management of HIV infection.

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