Hormone Therapy And Letrozole Benefits

Hormones are substances that function as chemical messengers in the body. They affect the actions of cells and tissues at various locations in the body, often reaching their targets through the bloodstream.

The hormones estrogen and progesterone are produced by the ovaries in premenopausal women and by some other tissues, including fat and skin, in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Estrogen promotes the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics and the growth of long bones. Progesterone plays a role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

Estrogen and progesterone can also promote the growth of some breast cancers, which are called hormone-sensitive (or hormone-dependent) breast cancers. Hormone-sensitive breast cancer cells contain proteins known as hormone receptors that become activated when hormones bind to them. The activated receptors cause changes in the expression of specific genes, which can lead to the stimulation of cell growth.

To determine whether breast cancer cells contain hormone receptors, doctors test samples of tumor tissue that have been removed by surgery. If the tumor cells contain estrogen receptors, the cancer is called estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive), estrogen-sensitive, or estrogen-responsive. Similarly, if the tumor cells contain progesterone receptors, the cancer is called progesterone receptor-positive (PR- or PgR-positive). Approximately 70 percent of breast cancers are ER-positive. Most ER-positive breast cancers are also PR-positive.

Breast cancers that lack estrogen receptors are called estrogen receptor-negative (ER-negative). These tumors are estrogen-insensitive, meaning that they do not use estrogen to grow. Breast tumors that lack progesterone receptors are called progesterone receptor-negative (PR- or PgR-negative).
Several strategies have been developed to treat hormone-sensitive breast cancer, including the following:

Blocking ovarian function: Because the ovaries are the main source of estrogen in premenopausal women, estrogen levels in these women can be reduced by eliminating or suppressing ovarian function. Blocking ovarian function is called ovarian ablation.

Ovarian ablation can be done surgically in an operation to remove the ovaries (called oophorectomy) or by treatment with radiation. This type of ovarian ablation is usually permanent.

Alternatively, ovarian function can be suppressed temporarily by treatment with drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, which are also known as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists. These medicines interfere with signals from the pituitary gland that stimulate the ovaries to produce estrogen.

Blocking estrogen production: Drugs called aromatase inhibitors can be used to block the activity of an enzyme called aromatase, which the body uses to make estrogen in the ovaries and in other tissues. Aromatase inhibitors are used primarily in postmenopausal women because the ovaries in premenopausal women produce too much aromatase for the inhibitors to block effectively. However, these drugs can be used in premenopausal women if they are given together with a drug that suppresses ovarian function.

Examples of aromatase inhibitors approved by the FDA are anastrozole (Arimidex) and letrozole (Femara), both of which temporarily inactivate aromatase, and exemestane (Aromasin), which permanently inactivates the enzyme.

Blocking estrogen’s effects: Several types of drugs interfere with estrogen’s ability to stimulate the growth of breast cancer cells:

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) bind to estrogen receptors, preventing estrogen from binding. Examples of SERMs approved by the FDA are tamoxifen (Nolvadex), raloxifene (Evista), and toremifene (Fareston). Tamoxifen has been used for more than 30 years to treat hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Because SERMs bind to estrogen receptors, they can potentially not only block estrogen activity (serve as estrogen antagonists) but also mimic estrogen effects (i.e., serve as estrogen agonists). Most SERMs behave as estrogen antagonists in some tissues and as estrogen agonists in other tissues. For example, tamoxifen blocks the effects of estrogen in breast tissue but acts like estrogen in the uterus and bone.
   
Other antiestrogen drugs, such as fulvestrant (Faslodex), work in a somewhat different way to block estrogen’s effects. Like SERMs, fulvestrant attaches to the estrogen receptor and functions as an estrogen antagonist. However, unlike SERMs, fulvestrant has no estrogen agonist effects. It is a pure antiestrogen. In addition, when fulvestrant binds to the estrogen receptor, the receptor is targeted for destruction.

An oral non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, Letrozole is routinely prescribed by medical practitioners to patients with hormonally responsive breast cancer after surgery. Also known as Femara and Liquifem, the antiestrogen is also used by budding and professional sportsmen on anabolic steroids to keep off estrogenic side effects such as oily skin, acne, gynecomastia, and bloating at bay while reaping the optimum benefits of steroids during an anabolic steroid cycle.
Letrozole is considered as one of the most potent drugs for stimulating metabolic rate of the body and promoting burning of fat. It is also useful in reducing the levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and promoting the level of spermatogenesis in male patients suffering from non-obstructive azoospermia and treat endometriosis. The third-generation selective oral aromatase inhibitor, Letrozole, is also used to stimulating dramatic enhancements in terms of growth hormone, cortisol, SHBG, hepatic production of binding proteins, HDL, and growth and development of sexual characteristics. If that was not all, Femara also has the ability to promote healthy immune function, healthy cholesterol levels, joint health, cognitive function, and muscle growth while reducing or even eliminating estrogenic side effects such as oily skin, gynecomastia, and fluid retention.

The medication may even be recommended by medical practitioners to treat certain types of breast cancer (such as hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer) in women after menopause or preventing the cancer from making a return. By reducing the amount of estrogens in the body, Letrozole helps in slowing or reversing the growth of these breast cancers.

The use of Letrozole, for a period of three to six weeks, is also associated with restoration of natural products of hormones, like testosterone. If that was not all, one 2.5 mg tablet of Femara is good enough to inhibit side effects of estrogens by as much as 80 percent.

The ideal dosage of Letrozole is 2.5 mg once a day for treating patients with breast cancer. Sportsmen use Letrozole in dosages of 0.5-1.0 mg every day, with or without meals. It is very important to note that this is a prescription drug and must be used and purchased only with a prescription. Moreover, its use should always be followed by a medical recommendation for the same after careful and complete evaluation of medical reports and history. At no point of time, two dosages of the drug can be taken together, even if missed accidentally. In case the first dose has been missed, it should be skipped and the next dose should be taken at its scheduled time.

Letrozole use is not recommended to pregnant and breastfeeding women and children or those having allergies to the drug or any of its ingredients. Those suffering with prostate, breast, or testicular cancer or treated for high blood pressure, liver damage, stroke, and kidney damage should avoid using the drug. Patients making use of drugs such as Prasterone, Tamoxifen, DHEA, and Androstenedione should avoid using Letrozole unless the same is specifically approved by a qualified medical practitioner.

The abuse of Letrozole can lead to side effects and thus best avoided. When abused or of a low grade, it can lead to side effects such as hot flushes, night sweats, vomiting, bone pain, loss of appetite, headache, stomach pain, cough, and breast pain. Use of Letrozole should not be made by individuals treated for high blood fats (cholesterol), bone problems (such as osteopenia, osteoporosis), stroke or blood clots, heart disease (such as chest pain, heart attack, heart failure), high blood pressure, kidney problems, and liver problems.

In rare cases, Femara use may cause severe health complications such as chest/jaw/left arm pain, confusion, coughing up blood, sudden dizziness/fainting, pain/swelling/warmth in the groin/calf, tingling/weakness/numbness in the arms/legs, weakness on one side of the body, vision changes, sudden/severe headache, slurred speech, bone fractures, mental/mood changes (such as depression, anxiety), swelling of arms/legs, and blurred vision. Drugs such as estrogens (such as ethinyl estradiol, conjugated estrogens), estrogen blockers (such as anastrozole, tamoxifen) may interfere with functioning and action mechanism of Letrozole and this may cause serious side effects or may cause the medications not to work correctly. The consumption of alcoholic beverages should be reduced, if the same cannot be completely eliminated, while Letrozole is being used.

GP Proviron by Geneza Pharmaceuticals

Originally developed as a drug for treating depression in men, Proviron or Mesterolone is an orally applicable androgen and derivative of Dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Proviron is 1 alpha-methyl-17 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-androstan-3-one and the molecular mass of this prescription drug is 304.467 g/mol at the base. One of the biggest advantages associated with use of GP Proviron is its unique ability to promote the count and quality of sperm and is also indicated to treat serious wellness problems such as low libido and erectile malfunction. The drug is even recommended to male patients struggling with impotency or lack of testosterone. In addition to these advantages, use of Mesterolone (GP Proviron) is also associated with improved release of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone for stimulating testes so that more testosterone can be produced.

Since it is not a 17 alpha alkylated compound, it can be used for a long period of time. The drug can even enhance potency of testosterone when used in an anabolic steroid cycle with it. The fact that GP Proviron can attach itself to SHBG (sex hormone-binding globulin) and albumin means that a large percentage of testosterone (free) is made available to conduct anabolic actions. Furthermore, the performance enhancing drug can also be used as an anti-aromatase and this characteristic proves to be beneficial when the drug is stacked with other anabolic steroids and performance enhancing drugs that may convert to estrogen to some extent. Since this steroid can bind to the aromatase enzyme, it does not allow steroids that are made a part of the cycle (with GP Proviron) to interact with enzymes and lead to formation of estrogens. Some sportsmen even use Mesterolone in an anabolic steroid cycle in place of testosterone that can have a negative effect on the libido since Proviron can enhance the level of libido to some extent because of the dihydrotestosterone effects of Mesterolone. A combined therapy with gonadotrophic hormone exhibiting follicle-stimulating hormone activity may be advised for initiating treatment and treatment with GP Proviron may be repeated after an interval of several weeks. It is important to note that use of Proviron is meant only for male patients though a medical practitioner may recommend its use to some female patients. When advised, individuals administered with it should undergo regular prostate examinations prophylactic-ally.

The increased level of free testosterone can then be utilized by the body for promoting protein synthesis that in turn stimulates muscle gain. Moreover, the steroid also has the ability to reduce the amount of free estrogen in the body by minimizing estrogen receptors’ ability to bind to estrogen. The drug is medically recommended to individuals suffering with potency disturbances due to androgen-deficiency, easy fatigability, lack of concentration, weak memory, disturbances of libido, depressive moods, general vegetative complaints, irritability, and declining physical activity and mental alertness in middle- and old-aged men. It may even be indicated for promoting the development of secondary male sex characteristics in cases of prepuberal hypogonadism and increasing fructose concentration up to normal values to enhance the chances of procreation.

The ideal dose of Mesterolone (GP Proviron) is 25-100 mg per day for men and 25 mg every day for women though some sportsmen, male as well as female, increase the doses to 50-125 mg every day and 40-60 mg per day, respectively.  Tablets of Proviron should not be chewed and must always be swallowed with a full glass of water. Overdosing or abuse of this drug can lead to health complications such as oily skin, acne, exacerbation of male pattern baldness, growth of body/facial hair, deepening of the voice, and menstrual irregularities. The use of Mesterolone is not recommended to patients with carcinoma of the prostate or those who are undergoing androgen therapy of any kind, including the use of GP Proviron. In case a dose of this drug has been missed and it is almost time for the next dose, the first dose should be ignored and the next dose should be taken at the designated time. Under no circumstances, two doses of the drug should be taken together for the dose that was missed. Medical advice should be sought without any delay and use of GP Proviron should be stopped immediately if side effects such as pain in liver area, headache, loss of appetite, depression, unexplained weight loss, aggression, symptoms of an enlarged prostate (change in urination), acne or hirsutism are experienced.

Effect of Tamoxifen Citrate in bodybuilding life

When it comes to treating advanced breast cancer patients or reducing the side effects of estrogens while coming off their anabolic steroid cycle, Nolvadex, also known as Tamoxifen citrate. For on cycle gynecomastia prevention and post cycle therapy (PCT) needs Tamoxifen Citrate often fills the role of both for many performance enhancers across the board. For decades Tamoxifen Citrate has been a staple in many cycles in both men and women and for good reason; it works, it works well and is in most cases very well-tolerated.

By its mode of action Tamoxifen Citrate functions of the basis of two hormones, estrogen and testosterone, discouraging one while promoting the other. Belonging to a class of medications known as Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM’s) Tamoxifen Citrate is not an anabolic steroid in any shape form or fashion, it does not perform in the traditional anabolic nature, although it can provide a secondary anabolic effect by its method of testosterone stimulation. Since Nolvadex has the ability of inhibiting the growth of tumors that respond to estrogens, it is one of the most popular drugs for treating node-positive breast cancer in women following total mastectomy or segmental mastectomy, axillary dissection, and breast irradiation. The antiestrogen is also recommended for treating metastatic breast cancer in women and men and Nolvadex is an alternative to oophorectomy or ovarian irradiation in premenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer. Medically, it is advised for the treatment of breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic breast cancer) and is also advised to treat breast cancer in certain patients after surgery and radiation therapy and may even be suggested to minimize the chances of breast cancer in high-risk patients.

For its testosterone stimulating properties this will be and is the main reason any anabolic steroid user will supplement with Tamoxifen Citrate and this will occur during the PCT period for men. When we supplement with anabolic steroids our natural testosterone production is suppressed and once the cycle is complete it is imperative that we once again stimulate natural testosterone production. This is very important to our overall health, as a well-functioning endocrine system is more than necessary; however it is also imperative to maintaining the gains made while on a cycle of anabolic steroids. While Tamoxifen Citrate therapy will not return natural testosterone production to its normal state during PCT use it will send you well on your way. A common misconception is that with a good PCT program our natural testosterone levels are normalized by this simple 3-4 week process, unfortunately this simply isn’t true. Assuming no more anabolic steroids are applied it can take several months for normal levels to be obtained even with Tamoxifen Citrate therapy; however, without therapy such normalization can take up to as much as a year or more depending on the individual at hand.

Beyond PCT needs Tamoxifen Citrate is often used as a means of gynecomastia prevention while on a cycle of anabolic steroids. Many anabolic steroids of an androgenic nature, such as testosterone will convert into estrogen after administration. Estrogen is an essential hormone for proper bodily function in-terms of sexual function, immune system and muscle growth, we do need some, however, as these levels increase it can become quite problematic. Many of the most commonly associated side-effects of anabolic steroid use are due to this conversion process brought on by the aromatase enzyme and as levels increase side-effects rear their head. A very common misconception is that Tamoxifen Citrate decreases estrogen in the body in the same fashion as many aromatase inhibitors; this is not true. While it will not reduce estrogen Tamoxifen Citrate will block it from binding to the receptors thereby preventing side-effects such as gynecomastia. Generally 10mg every day of the medication will prove to be useful for this end, however, for many no amount will be enough and only an aromatase inhibitor will prove to be effective.

While Tamoxifen Citrate was not created with performance enhancing in mind it is just that for which it is used most commonly and without question it has proven to be one of the most useful tools in the arsenal of any performance enhancer. Available in both tablet and liquid forms you simply drink there really aren’t too many downsides to this medication, in-fact, most well-planned cycles, be it for on cycle or PCT use will include Tamoxifen Citrate in them at some point and time as it is a highly necessary medication for most any athlete.

One of the biggest advantages of this antiestrogen is that patients whose tumors are estrogen receptor positive are more likely to benefit from it. In addition to that, it can minimize the occurrence of contralateral breast cancer in patients receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. In women with Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) after breast surgery and radiation, Nolvadex (Tamoxifen citrate) can minimize the risk of invasive breast cancer. It is worthwhile to note that Tamoxifen citrate is well tolerated in males with breast cancer and safety profile of the drug in males is similar to that noticed in women.

Sportsmen using anabolic steroids and performance enhancing drugs like Dianabol, Anadrol, and Testosterone derivatives often make use of Nolvadex (Tamoxifen citrate) and medical studies in the past have suggested that use of this antiestrogen is associated with dramatic improvements in levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogen control.  Since use of Nolvadex is featured by its mild yet highly effective properties, it is often preferred compared to Arimidex, Femara and Aromasin since it does not prevent aromatization but plays the role of an estrogen antagonist, which is also useful in burning fat. The recommended dose of Nolvadex for patients with Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) is 20 mg daily for 5 years while sportsmen on steroids use it in doses of 20-45 mg per day, with or without food.

Nolvadex (Tamoxifen citrate) abuse can lead to side effects, which may be mild or severe, including hypercalcemia, peripheral edema, distaste for food, pruritus vulvae, depression, dizziness, light-headedness, headache, hair thinning and/or partial hair loss, and vaginal dryness. In very rare cases, side effects like erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, bullous pemphigoid, interstitial pneumonitis and rare reports of hypersensitivity reactions including angioedema may happen.

Women keen to use Tamoxifen citrate should avoid getting pregnant for two months after last stopping its use and others should best use birth control methods that don’t use hormones like diaphragms with spermicide or plain intrauterine devices (IUDs). Moreover, breast-feeding is not recommended while using this drug as it is unknown of Nolvadex passes into breast milk or may cause potential risk to the infant. Nolvadex (Tamoxifen citrate) is not recommended to individuals suffering with high amount of calcium in the blood, severely decreased platelets, decreased white blood cells, cataracts, problems with eyesight, blood clot in lung, stroke, obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot, blood clot in a deep vein, pregnancy, or a mother who is producing milk and breastfeeding. A loss of sexual ability or interest may occur in men making use of Nolvadex.

HGH to treat various conditions in HIV infection

AIDS is considered as one of the most terrible diseases of modern times. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) also known as HIV infection. It is carried through blood, semen and other body fluids. This infectious disease destroys the defense system of human body and as a result even a minor disease becomes lethal enough to kill a person. The viral attack destroys the specific type of white blood cell, which is the chief component of body’s immune system.

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). The HIV retrovirus may be passed from one person to another when infected blood, semen, vaginal secretions or other bodily fluids come in contact with an uninfected person's broken skin or mucous membranes. People with HIV have what is called HIV infection and are fit and well. Some of these people will develop AIDS as a result of their HIV infection.

Growth hormone is a popular bodybuilding and performance enhancing aid, and the use of recombinant human growth hormone (rHGH, or simply GH) to treat various conditions in HIV infection has been debated with excitement for years. Indeed it is licensed for the treatment of wasting syndrome in advanced stages of AIDS. GH is also a commonly used bodybuilding and performance enhancing drug, which can be purchased on the black market; used to help both muscle anabolism / strength and reduction in body fat levels. Both of these applications have possible significance in the treatment of HIV.

Other than in the treatment of wasting disease, results from the studies using rHGH to treat body changes associated with HIV and/or drugs used to treat HIV have been very favourable. One which has been studied extensively is the use of rHGH in reducing HIV-associated adipose redistribution syndrome (HARS). However, the positive effects of HGH treatment in HIV may be more direct. Several studies have proposed that rHGH may bolster the immune system in ways that might improve clinical outcomes in HIV.


West and African countries are paying a lot of attention on AIDS, its growth and trying to find its cure. They are taking proper measures to inhibit its growth and making laws to control its spread. In 2007, it was reported by World Health Organization that the number of AIDS patients in Pakistan is 70,000 – 90,000 and the number is continuously increasing. It is estimated that by now about 30 – 50 million people are affected by this fatal disease over the world and out of that over 3 millions are children.  Protein build muscles and maintain a strong immune system. Protein also helps prevent muscle wasting in HIV patients. Carbohydrate-rich foods provide energy needed to fight HIV infection. Increased intake of carbohydrates also helps prevent the breakdown of proteins in the body to produce energy. Examples of high-protein and high-calorie foods suitable for HIV patients include include protein drinks, milk shakes, powdered milk, shredded milk, yogurt, meat, fish and milk.

Some adults with very good and healthy livers manage to clean out all liver stones in only 3-5 cleanses. Skin of those people is extremely beautiful, soft and healthy, before, and especially after cleanses. Other people get stones out every time they do a cleanse, regardless of cleanse frequency. The liver of these people is able to generate hundreds of new stones (something like process of crystallization inside intrahepatic bile ducts, bile starts crystallizing and stones start growing) in just a few days or a few weeks.The skin of those people is as not healthy as skin of those from the previous group. New stones are usually of tan-green color, almost transparent, pure cholesterol, bile salts and toxins (heavy metals, mercury from food and amalgam, cadmium, lead, and others). Old stones can have more different colors, more pigment, more different salts and if cut across, one will see layers, which can not be easily seen in stones created in a very short time. If your liver keeps producing stones constantly, you can do 1 cleanse every two months.

People who do cleanse regularly, will dramatically reduce their chances for getting Cancer, Arthritis, Diabetes, AIDS, and many other diseases. Cleanse will help to keep toxins and parasites away, and will keep you in a good mood. For people who already suffer from Cancer, Arthritis, Diabetes, AIDS, the liver cleanse is a vital step in regaining health. It is always much easier to prevent diseases, than to regain health, once you are sick. Don’t blame your liver for making gallstones constantly. Be happy that your liver is still able to pack all the bad toxins inside small marbles, so that they are not reabsorbed with your intestines. Liver and Gallbladder cleanse is the single MOST powerful way to improve your health in  just 24 hrs. Toxins from parasites also kill intestinal flora, beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Bifidumbacter Bifidus, etc. Without intestinal flora, Candida Albicans and other yeast grow inside your bowel without control. Toxins produced by the Candida yeast family can cause many diseases. Candida can escape from the bowel, and cause a lot of troubles on your skin, inside your muscles (Fibromyalgia, CFS), inside your brain (brain fog), and generally decrease your immunity, making you more susceptible to any other infection.

Womens and effective anabolic steroid Oxandrolone

If you want a highly effective yet safe and affordable anabolic steroid for cutting cycles, lean muscle building cycles, or fat loss, Anavar or Oxandrolone would be an ideal choice for you. This derivative of dihydrotestosterone increases nitrogen retention which leads to higher retention of protein, making it an excellent choice for muscle building and maintenance during a cutting steroid cycle as this steroid can easily hold onto muscles while the users are on a low calorie diet. Steroid use among women can be traced back to the 1960s with the German Democratic Republic doping program. This government funded program supplied performance enhancing drugs to thousands of male and female athletes over the span of several decades. During this time period there seemed to be little regard to the side effects of these drugs that were given to female athletes to increase performance. This resulted in irreversible side effects that have been well documented. Anabolic steroids such as Oral Turinabol, Mestanolone, and Testosterone were given to women just as they were given to men during the GDR doping program. These steroids all have an androgenic rating much too high to be considered safe for women to use. Although many records were broken and medals were won during this time period, there were heavy prices paid by many of the female athletes in the long run such as facial hair growth, deepening of the voice, hardening of facial features, and liver damage.

It is five times as anabolic as testosterone, but only a fifth as androgenic. These properties make this compound a great choice for women because it can be taken at a low dose without the side effects that accompany other highly androgenic steroids that cause masculinity effects in women. This drug was first marketed under the trade name Anavar. Oxandrolone was primarily designed for use in women and children for treating disorders that cause involuntary muscle loss while promoting muscle growth. This anabolic steroid is extremely popular among those participating in weight-based sports and body building as Anavar is second to none when it comes to possessing lean muscle building qualities and promoting huge strength gains and fat loss effects. This performance enhancing drug is also commonly used for achieving mass, fat loss, lean muscle, and strength gains and is often stacked with testosterone enanthate, injectable Winstrol, Oral Winstrol, and Sustanon 250. Some of the other legal anabolic steroids and performance enhancing drugs with which it can be stacked are Trenbolone and Primbolan.

Oxandrolone is a synthetic anabolic steroid that is a dihydrotestosterone derivative with an oxygen atom replacing the 2 carbon and methylation in the 17 position. Unlike most 17-alpha alkylated steroids, this drug’s toxicity level is, relatively speaking, mild. This tends to be a major factor contributing to Oxandrolone’s popularity. Since this oral steroid is a DHT derivative it will not convert to estrogen. There is little to no water retention with the use of Oxandrolone, and this has made this a drug of choice with athletes that compete in weight classes.

Oxandrolone was surprisingly discontinued in 1989 due to bad publicity after a report of being abused by bodybuilders. This drug seemed to be the safest being used for burn victims and HIV/AIDS patients to slow muscle wasting. It would have seemed more logical to stop the production of more dangerous steroids that were being abused instead of Oxandrolone, but that was not the case. Oxandrolone was later picked up by Savient Pharmaceuticals in 1995 under the trade name Oxandrin.

Oxandrolone has remained popular but has been a highly counterfeited drug due to the high price of raw materials. Stanozolol (Winstrol) has often been the drug used to replace Oxandrolone when it is counterfeited due to much cheaper prices, and similarities in gains. People will generally experience more side effects with Winstrol, especially with women. Raw material prices have dropped dramatically with China and India becoming such a large part of the steroid market and this has resulted in less counterfeits than ever before with this drug.

Oxandrolone is not known for packing on as much muscle mass as some other more androgenic steroids, but it will increase muscle density, hardness, and strength that is very noticeable in women, especially if they have never used anabolic steroids in the past. As with all anabolic steroids, dosage is key with maximizing gains and minimizing side effects. Oxandrolone can be dosed pretty low for women to see noticeable changes.

When starting Oxandrolone for the first time, a woman would generally start out with about 5mg per day split up into to 2, 2.5mg doses with about 8 hours in between each dose. If there are no side effects such as moodiness or acne with this dose, then the dose can probably be increased to 10mg per day. When taking 10mg per day, it will be split into 2 even doses with 8 hours in between as well.
Women seem to be much more sensitive to anabolic steroids than men, and they will often experience the most side effects, especially with highly androgenic compounds. With that being said, I feel that Oxandrolone would be the best choice if a woman decides to step over the line and turn to anabolic steroids. There are many other drugs out there that women do take to increase performance, and in doing so they often sacrifice femininity.

Masteron vs Equipoise – which is better for athlets to gain muscle?

Masteron and Equipoise are two different medicines used to gain body mass. They are actually types of steroids. Steroids are chemical compound that helps our body to keep proteins that help in muscle growth process.

Masteron is also called Drostanolone Propionate and it has a form of pills. That means that you take it oral, not intravenously. Masteron is used in small amounts of pills per day, so you don’t have to take large quantity to have good results in the end. Masteron, just like any other type of steroids, have side effects. But side effects that can appear while taking this medicine are on their minimum, which is why Masteron is considered as the best solution compared to other steroids. Besides Masteron, there are many more effective and stronger steroids, but they also have bigger side effects and many other disadvantages.

You can get the best results from this medicine if you combine it with other steroids, like Dianabol, which is the most used steroid in history (and also the oldest one). You can also combine it with Anadrol and you will get the same results as you have used Dianabol. It’s not recommended to use just Masteron, you should always combine it with another steroid type. Equipoise actually used to be a veterinary steroid. Today is steroid just like any other and it’s compared to Masteron, Primobolan, Deca and Trenbolone. All these types of steroids will do the same thing in the end – help you get body mass. There is only one side effect you can get from this medicine is increased appetite. Equipoise cycles need to be long, because it won’t have effect you want to get. Also Equipoise has great positive things, it should be your first steroid choice. It contains molecule that is similar to Boldenone, type of testosterone.

You should contact your doctor, he is the person you will know what is the best for you. Choosing a steroid type is not so simple. What steroid will you use depends on your organism and you physical condition. So it’s always the best not to take steroids on your own. But, when the choice is up to these two, let’s compare them. Actually, they produce the same effect in the end. From this point of view, you will get the same results with the Masteron or Equipoise. Amount that you have to take is also pretty much the same.  So there is no difference with the doses, also. Equipoise is actually just a little cheaper that the Masteron. If price is not relevant factor for you, it’s still up to you to decide which steroid you will buy.

Both of these medicines have little side effects. But doctors prefer Equipoise rather than Masteron, but it’s individually. Both of them can produce hair loss, for example. But this is the risk that should be familiar to you from the beginning. Almost every steroid have this type of side effect, some of them affect your skin, for example. You shouldn’t take any steroid if you are not aware of all possible side effects. It’s really up to you if you are going to stack these two steroids. Stacking steroids means combining them to get better results. You just have to combine them well, and that your doctor have to decide what doses will you be taking. Cycles should be at least 8 weeks long.

This is up to you. No one can tell you which one is better, both of these steroids are great. You have to consult your doctor and compare all good and bad sides these steroids have. Masteron and Equipoise are actually the same thing with different name. You can be sure that in the end you will have the result that you want, no matter which one do u use.

Psychological stress may negatively affect testosterone

Testosterone peaks during adolescence. Conversely, medical authorities indicate testosterone levels begin to decline by about 1% a year after age 30. Many people, especially athletes, turn to synthetic forms of testosterone to combat age-related and deficient-levels of testosterone for ergogenic improvements. However, did you know there are ways to raise testosterone naturally? By making some adjustments in your life, you will be able combat decreasing testosterone. Getting adequate sleep is one way to optimize healthy hormonal levels. Sleep deprivation can be dangerous to your health, and according to a study published in the June issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), men who slept less than five hours a night for one week experienced notably lower testosterone levels than when they were able to get a good night's rest. Eve Van Cauter, PhD, a professor of medicine and director of the study says 15% of the US population get less than five hours of sleep a night.

So, turn off the late night television and set a regular bed time. Sleeping for 7-8 hours is ideal. But if you are ruled by your busy schedule, try to make up for lost sleep with naps. Keep in mind, napping too late in the afternoon might affect your night's sleep.

Mediate Oestrogen Levels:
That's right, oestrogen is also found in men. Aromatase is a synthase responsible for converting testosterone to oestrogen. Fortunately, zinc inhibits aromatase, reducing testosterone's conversion into oestrogen.

Groups at risk for zinc deficiency include vegetarians and those with gastrointestinal diseases. Healthy daily levels of zinc in adults range from 8mg - 40mg. Some people may consume more than this in a single day, and medical authorities warn excessive long term zinc consumption may result in abdominal cramps and nausea. Cruciferous vegetables such as cauliflower, cabbage and broccoli contain indoles. Indoles are clinically shown to regulate harmful oestrogen levels in the body. Eating said vegetables will not only raise testosterone but a study shows high cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with decreases in prostate cancer.

Lose Weight:
There is a good chance that if you are overweight, you are crippling your testosterone production. Obese men are less likely to have normal free-testosterone concentrations.

In one study, researchers analyzed 1,849 men's free-testosterone levels. Research revealed 40% of obese non-diabetic men and 50% obese diabetic men had below-normal free testosterone concentrations. Researchers remark "Obesity is probably the condition most frequently associated with subnormal free testosterone concentrations in men." So, if you are overweight, shed some pounds. Keep eating those previously mentioned healthy cruciferous vegetables and even throw in some meat. Protein increases satiety and decreases snacking after meals.

Although found in many tasty foods, sugar can be detrimental to testosterone levels. One study perfectly illustrates sugar's negative effects: Researchers gave 74 men a sugary solution of 75g pure glucose. After ingestion, testosterone levels were measured in all test subjects. Researchers discovered, regardless of whether the men had diabetes or not, testosterone blood levels decreased as much as 25%. The study indicates insulin didn't seem to affect results, nor did other hormonal levels. If you must snack on something sugary, make it healthy. To fulfil that sugar craving, try adding 1 tablespoon peanut butter to celery sticks for under 5g carbohydrates. Or look for sugar-free confectionery.

Exercise:
Strength training increases testosterone levels. Testosterone levels were measured in both young (23 years) and elderly (63) test subjects prior to and after participating in resistance training during a 12-week study. According to the blood samples collected, testosterone levels increased in both groups, although the younger group experienced greater increases. Additionally, high testosterone levels and exercise synergistic-ally affect muscle size.

Optimize your workouts by doing compound exercises. Compound exercises incorporate muscle fibres from various muscle groups. Exercises include dead lift, squat and bench press. Also lift heavier weight at lower reps so more force is placed on the muscles.

Manage Stress:
There are several promising studies and hypothesis showing psychological stress may negatively affect testosterone. Though how and why stress affects testosterone is still being studied. Some claim higher stress-induced cortisol levels may be a reason, but this is subject for debate.

One study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry in 1972 shows plasma testosterone levels were lower in young men enrolled in Officer Candidate School during the early, stressful part of the course as compared with levels during the senior phase. Another study analyzed serum testosterone levels in male subjects (30-55 years) suffering from higher levels of anxiety, hostility and depression. Those subjects with higher psychological stress had lower testosterone levels than the subjects who did not. Interestingly, cortisol concentrations in both groups were the same.

Testosterone is more than just a term used by men to justify athletic prowess and manliness, it is the essential hormone in maintaining several aspects of men's health. Testosterone levels are associated with bone density, muscle strength and mass, sex drive and even fat distribution.